1. Home ›
  2. Get Involved ›
  3. Everyday Sustainability ›
  4. Climate Preparedness

Climate Preparedness

Climate Change in IndianaFlood Preparedness Winter Weather PreparednessExtreme Heat Preparedness

Climate Awareness for Living in Indiana

Our changing climate is rapidly increasing the need to be ready and resilient against natural disasters. Some of the most common threats in Indiana include flooding and excessive heat in the summer, and drastic temperature swings that can bring polar vortexes during the winter season. Review some of the resources below to stay up-to-date on Indiana's climate impacts and be prepared if an extreme weather event strikes.

Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment

Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment logo
Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment. Logo. Purdue University, Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment.

The Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment was a statewide effort led by Purdue University and provides detailed reports on the effects of climate change on agriculture, health, ecosystems, urban spaces, and energy in Indiana. It aims to help residents and policymakers understand these impacts and adapt accordingly. Some of the key findings include the following:

  • Since 1895, Indiana’s average temperature has increased by 1.2°F. By mid-century, this could rise by 5°F to 6°F. Southern Indiana, for example, is expected to see up to 51 days per year above 95°F, compared to an average of 7 in the past, by mid-century. Such heat will particularly impact the health of vulnerable groups like children and the elderly.

  • Indiana’s annual precipitation has increased by 15% since 1895, with more rain falling during intense storms. Projections indicate that winters and springs will become 6-8% wetter by mid-century, especially in urban areas with combined sewer systems. This will lead to more frequent flooding and water contamination.

  • Indiana’s frost-free season now lasts 9 days longer than in the early 20th century, and could lengthen by 3.5 to 4.5 weeks by mid-century. While a longer season may boost crop productivity, some crops, like blueberries, require "chill hours" to break dormancy. It also extends the allergy season and creates favorable conditions for pests and invasive species. 

  • The number of days below 5°F in northern Indiana is expected to decrease from 13 days historically to about 6 by mid-century. Warmer winters will reduce natural pest controls and increase risks from ticks, mosquitoes, and forest pests that previously were kept in check by colder winters.

Flood Preparedness

A park bench nearly covered in flood water, highlighting the impact of extreme weather
Bench next to St. Mary's Lake in flood water after a record-setting rainfall.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)'s Flood Preparedness Page offers information on how to plan and respond to flood emergencies in the workplace. It includes guidance on evacuation plans, worker safety measures, training, and compliance with safety standards like HAZWOPER. The following takeaways are generalized to the population.

Winter Weather Preparedness

A grounds crew member wearing a fluorescent yellow safety vest uses a snowblower to clear a snow-covered path on the Notre Dame campus. A plume of snow blows from the snowblower's chute. Snow-covered bushes and a campus building are visible in the background.

OSHA's Winter Weather Preparedness Page provides guidance on protecting workers during severe winter conditions. It discusses training on cold stress, appropriate protective clothing, implementing engineering controls, and using safe work practices to minimize risks. The following takeaways are generalized to the population.

  • Prepare for winter weather by learning how to recognize cold stress symptoms, understanding first aid for hypothermia and frostbite, and knowing how to handle common winter hazards like icy roads, slippery walkways, and power outages.

  • Use space heaters safely and insulate windows and doors to reduce drafts. When possible, create wind barriers around outdoor areas, such as porches, to reduce exposure to wind chill.

  • Plan outdoor activities for the warmest part of the day, limit time spent outside, and take breaks in warm spaces. Dress in layers, stay hydrated with warm drinks, and monitor yourself and others for signs of cold-related stress.

  • Dress in multiple layers with an inner moisture-wicking layer, an insulating middle layer, and an outer layer for wind and water resistance. Cover extremities with insulated gloves, hats, and waterproof boots.

Extreme Heat Preparedness

Silhouetted against a vibrant orange sky, the statue atop the Main Building's dome stands tall. The sun, a brilliant white circle, forms a backdrop for the iconic figure, framed by the dark leaves of surrounding trees.

OSHA's Heat Stress Guide provides information on recognizing, preventing, and treating heat-related illnesses such as heat stroke, heat exhaustion, and heat cramps. The guide also outlines engineering and administrative controls that can be used to minimize heat stress risks in hot work environments. The following takeaways are generalized to the population.

  • Be aware of environments prone to heat stress (e.g., kitchens, outdoor work in summer) and personal factors like health, hydration, and acclimatization.

  • Drink water regularly, even if you’re not thirsty. Avoid alcohol and caffeinated drinks in hot conditions.

  • Dress appropriately. Wear lightweight, loose-fitting clothing, and consider sun protection like hats or shades.

  • Rest in shaded or cool areas, especially during peak heat hours. Limit strenuous activities.

  • Learn symptoms of heat exhaustion (e.g., nausea, weakness) and heat stroke (e.g., confusion, dry skin). Seek immediate medical help if needed.